Praise be to Allah, and peace and blessings be upon the Messenger of Allah. To proceed:
The Scrolls of Abraham (peace be upon him) are among the revealed scriptures that Muslims must believe in. As for the physical nature of these scrolls and the material on which they were written, there is no reliable evidence that establishes any specific details about them.
The Scrolls of Abraham were revelation sent down by Allah to His Prophet and close friend Abraham (peace be upon him). They contained guidance and admonitions.
Allah says:
﴿Indeed, this is in the former Scriptures, the Scriptures of Abraham and Moses﴾ [Al-A‘la 87:18–19].
They are among the scriptures that Muslims are required to believe in, because belief in the revealed Books is one of the pillars of faith.
The scholars have mentioned that among the Books revealed by Allah are the Scrolls of Abraham, the Scrolls of Moses, the Torah, the Gospel, the Psalms, and the Qur’an, while believing generally in the details of revelation that have not been conveyed to us.
The Arabic word ṣuḥuf is the plural of ṣaḥīfah, meaning something on which writing is placed.
Al-Tabari رحمه الله, in his interpretation of Allah’s words ﴿the Scriptures of Abraham and Moses﴾, said:
“As for the scriptures, they are the plural of ṣaḥīfah, and what is meant by them is the books of Abraham and Moses.”
Ibn Manzur رحمه الله said:
“A ṣaḥīfah is something on which writing is made; its plurals are ṣaḥā’if, ṣuḥuf, and ṣuḥf.”
Thus, the term “scrolls” refers to what the revelation was written in, but it does not specify the particular material from which those scrolls were made.
We do not know from any authentic text whether the Scrolls of Abraham were written on:
Tablets.
Leather.
Paper.
Papyrus.
Or another material.
There is no authentic text in the Qur’an or Sunnah specifying their physical form or the method by which they were written.
Therefore, it is not correct to assert that they were made of a particular material merely on the basis of the writing materials known among peoples of those historical periods.
Linguistically, the word ṣaḥīfah can refer to something used for writing. Thus, it is theoretically possible that the scrolls were written on some material suitable for writing. However, identifying that material specifically remains speculation without evidence.
Likewise, knowing which writing materials were used by the Babylonians, ancient Egyptians, or other peoples does not establish what material was used for the Scrolls of Abraham (peace be upon him).
What is established: The Scrolls of Abraham were revelation from Allah sent down to Abraham (peace be upon him), and they are among the revealed scriptures that Muslims must believe in. The term “scrolls” refers to what was written in them.
What has not been established: Their physical form, the material on which they were written, and the method of writing them. As far as we know, there is no authentic text specifying these matters.
Therefore, it is best to adhere to what has been established and avoid asserting details for which there is no evidence.
And Allah knows best.